PCB Surface Gama
| Ƙarshen Sama | Mahimmanci Na Musamman | Mai bayarwa |
| Sashen kashe gobara na sa kai | 0.3 ~ 0.55um, 0.25 ~ 0.35um | Enthone |
| Shikoku chemical | ||
| YARDA | Ko: 0.03 ~ 0.12um, Ni: 2.5 ~ 5um | Fasaha ta ATO/Chuang Zhi |
| Zaɓin ENIG | Ko: 0.03 ~ 0.12um, Ni: 2.5 ~ 5um | Fasaha ta ATO/Chuang Zhi |
| MAI GIRMA | Au: 0.05 ~ 0.125um, Pd : 0.05 ~ 0.3um, | Chuang Zhi |
| A cikin: 3 ~ 10um | ||
| Zinariya mai wuya | Au : 0.127~1.5um , Ni : min 2.5um | Mai Biya/EEJA |
| Zinariya mai laushi | Au : 0.127 ~ 0.5um , Ni : min 2.5um | EJA |
| Immersion Tin | Min: 1 um | Enthone / ATO fasaha |
| Azurfa Immersion | 0.127 ~ 0.45um | Macdermid |
| Jagorar HASL kyauta | 1 ~ 25 ku | Nihon Superior |
Saboda gaskiyar cewa jan ƙarfe yana samuwa a cikin nau'i na oxides a cikin iska, yana tasiri sosai ga solderability da aikin lantarki na PCBs. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don aiwatar da ƙarshen PCBs. Idan fuskar PCBs ba ta ƙare ba, yana da sauƙi don haifar da matsalolin siyar da kama-da-wane, kuma a cikin lokuta masu tsanani, pads da kayan aikin ba za a iya siyar da su ba. Ƙarshen PCB yana nufin tsarin ƙirƙirar Layer na wucin gadi akan PCB. Dalilin gamawar PCB shine don tabbatar da cewa PCB yana da ingantaccen solderability ko aikin lantarki. Akwai nau'ikan gamawa da yawa don PCBs.
Matsayin Solder Air Hot Air (HASL)
Yanayi ne na yin amfani da narkakkar dalma na gubar a saman PCB, ta ɓata (busa) da iska mai zafi da kuma samar da wani rufin da ke da juriya ga iskar oxygen da tagulla kuma yana samar da ingantaccen solderability. A lokacin wannan tsari, ya zama dole don sarrafa mahimman sigogi masu zuwa: siyar da zafin jiki, zafin wuka mai zafi, zafin wuka mai zafi, lokacin nutsewa, saurin ɗagawa, da sauransu.
Amfanin HASL
1. Tsawon lokacin ajiya.
2. Kyakkyawar kushin jika da murfin jan karfe.
3. Nau'in dalma mara amfani (RoHS compliant).
4. Balagagge fasaha, low cost.
5. Ya dace sosai don dubawa na gani da gwajin lantarki.
Rauni na HASL
1. Bai dace da haɗin waya ba.
2. Saboda meniscus na halitta na narkakkar solder, da flatness ne matalauta.
3. Ba za a iya amfani da capacitive touch switches.
4. Domin musamman bakin ciki bangarori, HASL bazai dace ba. Yawan zafin jiki na wanka na iya haifar da allon kewayawa.
2. Sa kai na kashe gobara
OSP shine gajartawar Organic Solderability Preservative, wanda kuma aka sani da kowane mai siyarwa. A takaice dai, OSP shine wanda za'a fesa a saman fakitin siyar da tagulla don samar da fim ɗin kariya da aka yi da sinadarai. Wannan fim ɗin dole ne ya sami kaddarorin kamar juriya na iskar shaka, juriya na girgiza zafin zafi da juriya da danshi don kare saman jan ƙarfe daga tsatsa (hawan iskar shaka ko vulcanization, da sauransu) a cikin yanayin al'ada. Koyaya, a cikin siyar da zafi mai zafi na gaba, wannan fim ɗin mai kariya dole ne a cire shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar juzu'i, ta yadda saman jan ƙarfe mai tsabta da aka fallasa nan da nan zai iya haɗawa da narkakken solder don samar da haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. A wasu kalmomi, aikin OSP shine yin aiki a matsayin shinge tsakanin jan karfe da iska.
Amfanin OSP
1. Mai sauƙi kuma mai araha; Ƙarshen saman shine kawai feshi shafi.
2. Fuskar kushin solder yana da santsi sosai, tare da lebur mai kwatankwacin ENIG.
3. Jagorar kyauta (mai bin ka'idojin RoHS) da kuma kare muhalli.
4. Mai sake yin aiki.
Rauni na OSP
1. Rashin ruwa mara kyau.
2. Yanayin fili da bakin ciki na fim ɗin yana nufin cewa yana da wuya a auna inganci ta hanyar dubawa na gani da gudanar da gwajin kan layi.
3. Shortan rayuwar sabis, manyan buƙatu don ajiya da kulawa.
4. Kariya mara kyau don plated ta ramuka.
Azurfa Immersion
Azurfa yana da tabbataccen sinadarai. PCB da aka sarrafa ta hanyar fasahar nutsewa ta azurfa har yanzu tana iya samar da kyakkyawan aikin lantarki koda lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa yanayin zafi mai zafi, ɗanɗano da gurɓataccen muhalli, da kuma kula da ingantaccen solderability koda kuwa yana iya rasa haske. Immersion Azurfa shine yanayin ƙaura inda aka ajiye wani Layer na tsantsar azurfa kai tsaye akan jan karfe. Wani lokaci, ana haɗa azurfar nutsewa tare da suturar OSP don hana azurfa amsawa da sulfide a cikin muhalli.
Amfanin Azurfa na Immersion
1. High solderability.
2. Kyakkyawan shimfidar wuri.
3. Ƙananan farashi da jagorar kyauta (wanda ya dace da ka'idodin RoHS).
4. Ana amfani da haɗin gwiwar Al waya.
Rauni na Azurfa Immersion
1. Babban buƙatun ajiya da sauƙin gurɓatacce.
2. Shortarancin taga taga bayan an fitar da shi daga marufi.
3. Wahalar yin gwajin lantarki.
Immersion Tin
Tunda duk abin da ya dogara da gwangwani ne, tin Layer na iya dacewa da kowane nau'in solder. Bayan daɗaɗɗen abubuwan da ake ƙarawa a cikin maganin nutsewar kwano, tsarin tin ɗin yana ba da tsari mai ƙima, yana shawo kan matsalolin da ke haifar da busassun gwangwani da ƙauran kwano, tare da samun kwanciyar hankali mai kyau da kuma solderability.
Tsarin Tin na nutsewa zai iya samar da mahaɗaɗɗen gwangwani na jan ƙarfe mai lebur don yin tin ɗin nutsewa yana da ingantaccen solderability ba tare da wani lamuni mai laushi ko tsaka-tsakin fili ba.
Amfanin Immersion Tin
1. Ana amfani da layin samarwa a kwance.
2. Ana iya amfani da shi don sarrafa waya mai kyau da siyar da ba tare da gubar ba, musamman ma aiwatar da tsari na crimping.
3. Flatness yana da kyau sosai, ya dace da SMT.
Rauni na Immersion Tin
1. Babban buƙatun ajiya, na iya haifar da yatsa don canza launi.
2. Tin whisker na iya haifar da gajeriyar da'ira da matsalolin haɗin gwiwa, wanda hakan ya rage rayuwar shiryayye.
3. Wahalar yin gwajin lantarki.
4. Tsarin ya ƙunshi carcinogens.
YARDA
ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Zinariya) wani shafi ne da aka yi amfani da shi sosai wanda ya ƙunshi yadudduka na ƙarfe 2, inda ake ajiye nickel kai tsaye akan jan ƙarfe sannan kuma ana sanya atom ɗin zinare akan tagulla ta hanyar halayen ƙaura. Kauri na nickel na ciki shine gabaɗaya 3-6um, kuma kauri na waje na zinariya shine gabaɗaya 0.05-0.1um. Nickel yana samar da shinge mai shinge tsakanin solder da jan karfe. Ayyukan zinari shine don hana iskar oxygen da iskar shaka a lokacin ajiya, ta haka ne ke haɓaka rayuwar shiryayye, amma tsarin zinare na nutsewa kuma na iya samar da kyakkyawan shimfidar ƙasa.
Gudun sarrafawa na ENIG shine: tsaftacewa --> etching -> mai kara kuzari -> sinadarai nickel plating -> ajiyar zinari -> ragowar tsaftacewa.
Abubuwan da aka bayar na ENIG
1. Ya dace da siyar da kyauta na gubar (RoHS compliant).
2. Kyakkyawan santsi mai kyau.
3. Long shiryayye rayuwa da m surface.
4. Dace da Al waya bonding.
Rauni na ENIG
1. Mai tsada saboda amfani da zinare.
2. Tsarin tsari, mai wuyar sarrafawa.
3. Sauƙi don samar da sabon abu na kushin baki.
Electrolytic Nickel/Gold(zinari mai wuya/zinari mai laushi)
Electrolytic nickel zinariya ya kasu kashi "Zinari mai wuya" da "zinari mai laushi". Zinariya mai wuya yana da ƙarancin tsabta kuma ana amfani da shi a cikin yatsun zinare (masu haɗa baki na PCB), lambobin PCB ko wasu wurare masu jurewa. Kaurin zinari na iya bambanta bisa ga buƙatu. Zinariya mai laushi yana da tsafta mafi girma kuma ana amfani da ita sosai wajen haɗa waya.
Amfanin Electrolytic Nickel/Gold
1. Tsawon rayuwa.
2. Ya dace da canjin lamba da haɗin waya.
3. Zinariya mai wuya ya dace da gwajin lantarki.
4. Kyauta kyauta (RoHS complient)
Rauni na Electrolytic Nickel/Gold
1. Mafi tsada saman gama.
2. Electroplating zinariya yatsunsu na bukatar ƙarin conductive wayoyi.
3. Da zinariya yana da matalauta solderability. Saboda kaurin zinari, yadudduka masu kauri sun fi wahalar siyarwa.
MAI GIRMA
Electroless Nickel Electroless Palladium Immersion Zinare ko ENEPIG ana ƙara amfani da shi don gama PCB. Idan aka kwatanta da ENIG, ENEPIG yana ƙara ƙarin palladium na palladium tsakanin nickel da zinare don ƙara kare Layer nickel daga lalata da kuma hana haifar da baƙar fata waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe a cikin tsarin gama ENIG. Kauri na nickel kusan 3-6um ne, kaurin palladium kusan 0.1-0.5um kuma kaurin zinari shine 0.02-0.1um. Kodayake kaurin zinari ya fi ENIG ƙarami, ENEPIG ya fi tsada. Koyaya, raguwar farashin palladium kwanan nan ya sanya farashin ENEPIG ya fi araha.
Abubuwan da aka bayar na ENEPIG
1. Yana da duk fa'idodin ENIG, babu wani sabon abu na kushin baki.
2. Mafi dacewa da haɗin waya fiye da ENIG.
3. Babu haɗarin lalata.
4. Dogon lokacin ajiya, kyauta kyauta (mai yarda da RoHS)
Rauni na ENEPIG
1. Tsarin tsari, mai wuyar sarrafawa.
2. Yawan tsada.
3. Yana da in mun gwada da sabon hanya kuma bai balagagge tukuna.