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Ni iki kinyuze muri PCB?
2024-07-25 21:51:41
Ni iki kinyuze muri PCB?
Vias nibyobo bikunze kugaragara mubikorwa bya PCB. Bahuza ibice bitandukanye byurusobe rumwe ariko mubisanzwe ntibikoreshwa kubigurisha. Vias irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: binyuze mumyobo, vias zihumye, hamwe na vi zashyinguwe. Ibisobanuro birambuye kuri izi vias ni eshatu zikurikira:
Uruhare rwa Vias Impumyi mugushushanya no Gukora PCB
Impumyi
Impumyi zimpumyi ni utwobo duto duhuza urwego rumwe rwa PCB kurundi rutanyuze mu kibaho cyose. Ibi bituma abashushanya gukora PCBs zigoye kandi zipakiye cyane PCBs neza kandi zizewe kuruta uburyo busanzwe. Ukoresheje vias zihumye, abashushanya barashobora kubaka urwego rwinshi kurubaho rumwe, kugabanya ibiciro byibigize no kwihutisha ibihe byo gukora. Nyamara, ubujyakuzimu bwimpumyi binyuze mubusanzwe ntibugomba kurenza igipimo cyihariye ugereranije nubushobozi bwacyo. Kubwibyo, kugenzura neza ubujyakuzimu (Z-axis) ni ngombwa. Igenzura ridahagije rishobora gukurura ingorane mugihe cya electroplating.
Ubundi buryo bwo gukora vias buhumyi burimo gucukura umwobo ukenewe muri buri cyiciro cyumuzunguruko mbere yo kubishyira hamwe. Kurugero, niba ukeneye impumyi unyuze kuri L1 kugeza L4, urashobora kubanza gutobora umwobo muri L1 na L2, no muri L3 na L4, hanyuma ugahuza ibice bine byose hamwe. Ubu buryo busaba ibikoresho bihagaze neza kandi bihuza ibikoresho. Ubu buhanga bwombi bugaragaza akamaro ko gutondeka mubikorwa byo gukora kugirango tumenye imikorere ya PCB.
Yashyinguwe
Ni izihe zishyinguwe?
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya micro ikoresheje kandi igashyingurwa binyuze?
Viyasi yashyinguwe nibintu byingenzi muburyo bwa PCB, ihuza imirongo yimbere itaguye kurwego rwo hanze, bigatuma itagaragara hanze. Iyi vias ningirakamaro kubimenyetso byimbere. Impuguke mu nganda za PCB zikunze kuvuga ziti: "Via zashyinguwe zigabanya amahirwe yo kwivanga mu bimenyetso, gukomeza umurongo w’itumanaho biranga inzitizi, no kuzigama umwanya w’insinga." Ibi bituma biba byiza cyane-PCBs yihuta.
Kubera ko vias zashyinguwe zidashobora gucukurwa nyuma ya lamination, gucukura bigomba gukorerwa kumurongo wihariye mbere yo kumurika. Iyi nzira iratwara igihe kinini ugereranije nu mwobo na vias zihumye, biganisha ku biciro byinshi. Nubwo bimeze gurtyo, vias zashyinguwe zikoreshwa cyane muri PCBs zifite ubucucike bwinshi kugirango hagabanuke umwanya ukoreshwa kubindi bice byumuzunguruko, bityo bizamura imikorere muri rusange no kwizerwa kwa PCB.
Binyuze mu mwobo
Binyuze mu mwobo bikoreshwa muguhuza ibice byose binyuze murwego rwo hejuru no hasi. Gushyira umuringa imbere mu mwobo urashobora gukoreshwa muguhuza imbere cyangwa nkibice bigize umwanya. Intego yo kunyura mu mwobo ni ukwemerera kunyura insinga z'amashanyarazi cyangwa ibindi bice binyuze hejuru. Binyuze mu mwobo utanga uburyo bwo gushiraho no kurinda umutekano w'amashanyarazi ku mbaho zanditseho imirongo, insinga cyangwa insimburangingo zisa zisaba aho zomekwa. Zikoreshwa kandi nk'inanga nizifunga mubicuruzwa byinganda nkibikoresho, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byubuvuzi. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, binyuze mu mwobo birashobora gutanga inzira-kunyuramo inkoni zometse kumashini cyangwa ibintu byubatswe. Byongeye kandi, inzira yo gucomeka mu mwobo irakenewe. Viasion ivuga muri make ibisabwa bikurikira kugirango ucomeke mu mwobo.
* Sukura unyuze mu mwobo ukoresheje uburyo bwo gusukura plasma.
* Menya neza ko unyuze mu mwobo utarimo imyanda, umwanda n'umukungugu.
* Gupima unyuze mu mwobo kugirango urebe ko bihuye nigikoresho cyo gucomeka
* Hitamo ibikoresho byuzuye byuzuza ibyobo: silicone caulk, epoxy putty, kwagura ifuro cyangwa polyurethane.
* Shyiramo hanyuma ukande igikoresho cyo gucomeka mu mwobo.
* Fata neza mumwanya byibuze iminota 10 mbere yo kurekura igitutu.
* Ihanagura ibintu byose byuzuza ibintu hafi yu mwobo umaze kuzura.
* Reba mu mwobo buri gihe kugirango urebe ko nta byangiritse cyangwa byangiritse.
* Subiramo inzira nkuko bikenewe kugirango unyuze mu mwobo ufite ubunini butandukanye.
Ikoreshwa ryibanze kuri binyuze ni umuyoboro wamashanyarazi. Ingano ni ntoya kuruta iyindi myobo ikoresha kubigurisha. Ibyobo bikoreshwa mubigurisha bizaba binini. Muri tekinoroji yo kubyara PCB, gucukura ninzira yibanze, kandi umuntu ntashobora kubyitaho. Ikibaho cyumuzunguruko ntigishobora gutanga amashanyarazi nibikorwa byimikorere idakoresheje gucukura ibikenewe binyuze mu mwobo uri mu isahani yambaye umuringa. Niba ibikorwa byo gucukura bidakwiye bitera ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose mugikorwa cyo kunyura mu mwobo, birashobora kugira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yibicuruzwa, cyangwa ikibaho cyose kizaseswa, bityo inzira yo gucukura irakomeye.
Uburyo bwo gucukura
Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo gucukura vias: gucukura imashini no gucukura laser.
Gucukura imashini binyuze mu mwobo ni inzira ikomeye mu nganda za PCB. Binyuze mu mwobo, cyangwa unyuze mu mwobo, ni gufungura silindrike inyura mu kibaho kandi igahuza uruhande rumwe kurundi. Zikoreshwa mugushiraho ibice no guhuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi hagati ya layers. Gucukura imashini ikoresheje umwobo bikubiyemo gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye nka myitozo, reamers, hamwe na comptinks kugirango ukore ibyo gufungura neza kandi neza. Iyi nzira irashobora gukorwa nintoki cyangwa nimashini zikoresha bitewe nuburyo bugoye bwo gushushanya nibisabwa. Ubwiza bwo gucukura imashini bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye imikorere y’ibicuruzwa no kwizerwa, iyi ntambwe rero igomba gukorwa neza buri gihe. Mugukomeza ibipimo bihanitse binyuze mu gucukura imashini, binyuze mu mwobo birashobora gukorwa mu buryo bwizewe kandi neza kugira ngo amashanyarazi ahuze neza.
Gucukura
Gucukura imashini binyuze mu mwobo ni inzira ikomeye mu nganda za PCB. Binyuze mu mwobo, cyangwa unyuze mu mwobo, ni gufungura silindrike inyura mu kibaho kandi igahuza uruhande rumwe kurundi. Zikoreshwa mugushiraho ibice no guhuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi hagati ya layers. Gucukura imashini ikoresheje umwobo bikubiyemo gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye nka myitozo, reamers, hamwe na comptinks kugirango ukore ibyo gufungura neza kandi neza. Iyi nzira irashobora gukorwa nintoki cyangwa nimashini zikoresha bitewe nuburyo bugoye bwo gushushanya nibisabwa. Ubwiza bwo gucukura imashini bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye imikorere y’ibicuruzwa no kwizerwa, iyi ntambwe rero igomba gukorwa neza buri gihe. Mugukomeza ibipimo bihanitse binyuze mu gucukura imashini, binyuze mu mwobo birashobora gukorwa mu buryo bwizewe kandi neza kugira ngo amashanyarazi ahuze neza.
Kwirinda PCB ukoresheje igishushanyo
Menya neza ko vias itari hafi yibice cyangwa izindi vias.
Vias nigice cyingenzi cyigishushanyo cya PCB kandi kigomba gushyirwaho neza kugirango urebe ko kidatera kwivanga mubindi bice cyangwa vias. Iyo vias yegeranye cyane, harikibazo cyo kuzunguruka mugihe gito, gishobora kwangiza cyane PCB nibice byose bifitanye isano. Ukurikije ubunararibonye bwa Viasion, kugirango ugabanye ibi byago, vias igomba gushyirwaho byibuze santimetero 0.1 uvuye kubigize, kandi vias ntigomba gushyirwa hafi ya santimetero 0.05 kuri mugenzi we.
Menya neza ko vias zidahuye nibimenyetso cyangwa udupapuro ku mpande zegeranye.
Mugihe utegura vias kumwanya wumuzunguruko, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko vias idahuzagurika hamwe nibimenyetso cyangwa udupapuro ku zindi nzego. Ni ukubera ko vias ishobora gutera ikabutura y'amashanyarazi, biganisha kuri sisitemu idakora neza no gutsindwa. Nkuko abajenjeri bacu babivuga, vias igomba gushyirwa mubikorwa ahantu hatagira ibimenyetso cyangwa udupapuro twegeranye kugirango twirinde iyi ngaruka. Mubyongeyeho, bizemeza ko vias zitabangamira ibindi bintu kuri PCB.
Witondere ibipimo byubushyuhe nubushyuhe mugihe utegura vias.
Menya neza ko vias ifite isahani nziza y'umuringa kubushobozi bwo gutwara.
lacement ya vias igomba gusuzumwa neza, ukirinda ahantu inzira ishobora kugorana cyangwa idashoboka.
Sobanukirwa n'ibishushanyo mbonera mbere yo guhitamo ukoresheje ingano n'ubwoko.
Buri gihe shyira vias byibuze 0.3mm uhereye kumpande zubuyobozi keretse iyo byateganijwe ukundi.
Niba vias ishyizwe hafi yundi, irashobora kwangiza ikibaho iyo cyacukuwe cyangwa kigenda.
Ni ngombwa gusuzuma igipimo cya vias mugihe cyo gushushanya, kuko vias ifite igipimo kinini gishobora kugira ingaruka kubimenyetso no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.
Menya neza ko vias ifite ibisobanuro bihagije kubindi vias, ibice hamwe nimpande zubuyobozi nkuko amategeko abiteganya.
Iyo vias ishyizwe mubice cyangwa imibare ihambaye, ni ngombwa kuyikwirakwiza neza kugirango ikore neza.
Witondere vias zishobora kuba hafi yumubiri wibigize, kuko ibi bishobora gutera kubangamira ibimenyetso byanyuze.
Urebye vias hafi yindege.
Bagomba gushyirwaho neza kugirango bagabanye ibimenyetso n urusaku rwimbaraga.
Tekereza gushyira vias murwego rumwe nkibimenyetso aho bishoboka, kuko ibi bigabanya ibiciro bya vias kandi bitezimbere imikorere.
Mugabanye vias kubara kugirango ugabanye igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nigiciro.
Ibikoresho biranga PCB binyuze mu mwobo
Binyuze mu mwobo
Diameter yinyuze mu mwobo igomba kurenza diameter ya plug-in igizwe na pin hanyuma ikagumya gutandukanya. Diameter ntarengwa insinga ishobora kugera mu mwobo igarukira ku gucukura no gukoresha amashanyarazi. Gutoya binyuze mumurambararo wa diameter, umwanya muto muri PCB, ntoya ya parasitike ya parasitike, kandi nibyiza imikorere-yumurongo mwinshi, ariko ikiguzi kizaba kinini.
Binyuze mu mwobo
Urupapuro rumenya amashanyarazi hagati yumuriro wimbere wa electroplating imbere yumwobo nu nsinga hejuru yumurongo wumuzingo wacapwe (cyangwa imbere).
Ubushobozi bwo kunyura mu mwobo
kubabara binyuze mu mwobo bifite ubushobozi bwa parasitike hasi. Ubushobozi bwa parasitike ya parasitike izagabanya umuvuduko cyangwa kwangirika kwizamuka ryikimenyetso cya digitale, kikaba kitari cyiza cyo kohereza ibimenyetso byinshi. Ningaruka nyamukuru zingaruka zinyuze mu mwobo parasitike capacitance. Nyamara, mubihe bisanzwe, ingaruka zubushobozi bwa parasitike zinyuze mu mwobo ni iminota mike kandi irashobora kuba ntangere - diameter ntoya ya mwobo, nubushobozi buke bwa parasitike.
Kwinjiza mu mwobo
Binyuze mu mwobo bikunze gukoreshwa muri PCB kugirango uhuze ibice byamashanyarazi, ariko birashobora no kugira ingaruka zitunguranye: inductance.
Inductance ni umutungo wanyuze mu mwobo ubaho iyo amashanyarazi atemba muri bo kandi bigatera umurima wa rukuruzi. Uyu murima wa magneti urashobora gutera intambamyi zindi zinyuze mu mwobo, bikaviramo gutakaza ibimenyetso cyangwa kugoreka. Niba dushaka kugabanya izo ngaruka, ni ngombwa kumva uburyo inductance ikora nintambwe zo gushushanya ushobora gutera kugirango ugabanye ingaruka kuri PCBs.
Diameter yinyuze mu mwobo igomba kurenza diameter ya plug-in igizwe na pin hanyuma ikagumya gutandukanya. Diameter ntarengwa insinga ishobora kugera mu mwobo igarukira ku gucukura no gukoresha amashanyarazi. Gutoya binyuze mumurambararo wa diameter, umwanya muto muri PCB, ntoya ya parasitike ya parasitike, kandi nibyiza imikorere-yumurongo mwinshi, ariko ikiguzi kizaba kinini.
Kuki PCB vias igomba gucomeka?
Dore zimwe mu mpamvu zituma PCB vias igomba gucomeka, mu ncamake na Shenzhen Rich Rich Full Joy Electronics Co., Ltd:
Shenzhen Umukire Byishimo Byuzuye Electronics Co, Ltd ：
PCB vias itanga ihuza ryumubiri kugirango igabanye ibice kandi igahuza ibice bitandukanye bya PCB, bityo igafasha inama gukora neza imirimo yagenewe neza. Vias ya PCB nayo ikoreshwa mugutezimbere imikorere yumuriro wa PCB no kugabanya gutakaza ibimenyetso. Mugihe PCB vias itwara amashanyarazi kuva murwego rumwe rwa PCB ikajya mubindi, igomba gucomeka kugirango hamenyekane isano iri hagati yinzego zitandukanye za PCB.Icyanyuma, PCB vias ifasha gukumira imiyoboro migufi wirinda guhura nibindi bice byose bigaragara kuri PCB. Kubera iyo mpamvu, PCB vias igomba gucomeka kugirango ikumire imikorere mibi yamashanyarazi cyangwa kwangiza PCB.
Incamake
Muri make, PCB vias nibice byingenzi bya PCBs, ibemerera guhuza ibimenyetso neza hagati yinzego no guhuza ibintu bitandukanye byubuyobozi. Mugusobanukirwa ubwoko bwabo nintego zitandukanye, urashobora kwemeza ko igishushanyo cya PCB cyateguwe neza kubikorwa no kwizerwa.
Shenzhen Rui Zhi Xin Feng Electronics Co., Ltd. itanga PCB yuzuye, gukora ibikoresho, guteranya PCB, hamwe na serivisi zikora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Hamwe nuburambe bwimyaka 20, twagiye dutanga ibisubizo byujuje ubuziranenge PCBA kubiciro byapiganwa kubakiriya barenga 6.000 kwisi. Isosiyete yacu ifite ibyemezo byinganda zitandukanye kandi byemewe na UL. Ibicuruzwa byacu byose bigenzurwa 100% E-igeragezwa, AOI, na X-RAY kugirango byuzuze amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Twiyemeje gutanga ubuziranenge budasanzwe kandi bwizewe muri buri mushinga wo guterana PCB.
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Uburyo bwo gucukura Intangiriro:
1. Gusoma, Gucukura, no Gusoma
Intego:Gucukura umwobo hejuru ya PCB kugirango ushireho amashanyarazi hagati yinzego zitandukanye.
Ukoresheje amapine yo hejuru mugucukura no kumanura yo hepfo kugirango usome umwobo, iyi nzira iremeza ko hashyirwaho vias zorohereza imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro ku kibaho cyacapwe (PCB).
Gucukura CNC:
Intego:Gucukura umwobo hejuru ya PCB kugirango ushireho amashanyarazi hagati yinzego zitandukanye.
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi:
Imyitozo:Igizwe na tungsten karbide, cobalt, hamwe nudukoko twangiza.
Isahani yo gupfuka:Cyane cyane aluminium, ikoreshwa mukumenyetso bito, guhagarika ubushyuhe, kugabanya burr, no gukumira kwangirika kwamaguru.
Isahani yinyuma:Ahanini ikibaho gikomatanyirijwe hamwe, gikoreshwa mukurinda ameza yimashini yo gucukura, gukumira burr gusohoka, kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa biti, no gusiga ibisigazwa bya resin bituruka kumyironge ya biti.
Mugukoresha neza cyane gucukura CNC, iyi nzira itanga umurongo wukuri kandi wizewe uhuza imbaho zicapye (PCBs).
Kugenzura umwobo:
Intego:Kugirango hatabaho kubaho ibintu bidasanzwe nko gucukura cyane, gucukura munsi, gucamo imyobo, imyobo minini, cyangwa umwobo udashyizwe munsi nyuma yo gucukura.
Mugukora igenzura ryimbitse, turemeza ubwiza nuburinganire bwa buriwese binyuze, tukareba imikorere yamashanyarazi nubwizerwe bwibibaho byacapwe (PCB).